What the rise of right-wing populism in EU countries says about Europeans

The latest European Union election patterns unearth a persistent undercurrent, one that charts the ascendancy of far-right factions. The surge in support for far-right parties within the European Union belies a deeper undercurrent reshaping the geopolitical landscape. 

Contrary to initial impressions, these movements aren’t rallying cries for dissolution; rather, they are calls for recalibration and reassertion of national sovereignty within the supranational framework. 

The aftermath of the EU ballot reveals not a rejection of Europe, but a call for redefinition. It’s not merely an anti-European sentiment at play but a complex demand for a redefined European identity. 

The rise of nationalist fervor, fueled by concerns over inflation, immigration, regional conflicts and ecological transitions, underscores a disquietude palpable across generations. What’s most disconcerting is the allure of these ideologies among the youth — a demographic once perceived as immune to such appeals. 

The recent electoral tides in Europe reflect a multifaceted reality — a quest for identity, sovereignty and relevance in an increasingly complex world. European Commission President Ursula Von der Leyen’s assertion that “the center is holding” rings hollow in the wake of recent elections. 

The surge of the hard right across Europe exposes deep-seated failures within national governments and EU institutions.

What emerges from these electoral outcomes is a profound transformation in the perception of populist right-wing parties. No longer viewed merely as protest votes, they now resonate as legitimate expressions of popular discontent. These parties adeptly articulate the concerns and anxieties of the common citizen, amplifying grievances over governmental inadequacy and perceived threats from immigration and foreign influence. 

Their resonance underscores a deep-seated disillusionment with traditional leadership and a growing apprehension about societal change. As these sentiments permeate across the continent, the once-fringe ideologies of the hard right increasingly shape the political discourse, posing profound challenges to the established order. 

In the midst of economic uncertainty and political discord, Europe is facing its most formidable refugee crisis since World War II. The influx of foreign faces has sparked clashes of cultures, widened wealth disparities and heightened fears of terrorism. What was once a bastion of elegance now grapples with anxiety and rejection as many Europeans perceive their identity under siege and their cherished traditions under threat.

The surge in anti-immigrant sentiment reflects deeper anxieties about cultural preservation amid globalization’s relentless march. For Europeans, safeguarding their core values is paramount, making anti-immigration policies a frontline defense mechanism. This cultural apprehension shows a reluctance to abandon traditional values and a determination to assert European civilization’s global significance. However, this defensive posture risks perpetuating division rather than fostering unity based on shared values. 

The seismic tremors of Europe’s recent elections have given birth to a pricking question: Will the continent ever regain its former equilibrium? French President Emmanuel Macron’s decision to call for snap legislative elections underscores the magnitude of the upheaval. Moderate parties, including Macron’s own, suffered a devastating blow as far-right factions, epitomized by Marine Le Pen’s National Rally, excelled in the European Parliament elections.

Similarly, the resounding success of the hard right reverberated across borders, with notable victories in Austria, Germany and the Netherlands. Despite controversies, such as the Alternative for Germany’s troubling remarks and suspected ties to the Kremlin, these parties defied expectations, reshaping the political landscape. 

Far-right nationalists have entrenched themselves in coalition governments across the EU, wielding significant influence in Hungary, Italy and Austria. The fallout from the Belgian election saw the resignation of liberal Prime Minister Alexander De Croo, signaling a shift towards right-wing dominance. 

However, amid this rightward surge, glimmers of resistance emerge. Poland, Portugal and Spain witnessed setbacks for authoritarian right-wing factions, offering a reprieve from the prevailing trend. However, the question is whether Europe can manage this political turbulence and rediscover its foundational principles of democracy and inclusivity.

The rise of right-wing populism in Western politics has triggered profound destabilization, characterized by xenophobic rhetoric and sensationalist policies. From advocating for zero net immigration to promoting divisive cultural narratives, these movements pose a significant threat to the fabric of multicultural societies. The echoes of 1930s Europe’s polarization and extremism serve as a haunting reminder of the dangers posed by such ideologies. 

The ascent of nationalist leaders in Hungary, Italy and Slovakia underscores the growing influence of these populist forces. In countries like Finland and Sweden, right-wing parties either govern or support the government, while the Netherlands braces for a potential anti-immigrant administration led by Geert Wilders’ Freedom Party. 

Elsewhere, in France and Germany, these movements are gaining traction, positioning themselves as formidable contenders for political leadership. The allure of their nationalist rhetoric resonates with segments of the electorate, amplifying their electoral prospects. However, the consequences of their governance will extend beyond national borders, impacting economies reliant on foreign labor and tourism. 

The resurgence of right-wing ideologies isn’t confined to Europe; it’s a global phenomenon with far-reaching implications. As the specter of a “Trump 2.0” presidency looms, the prospect of an intensified nationalist and protectionist agenda threatens to exacerbate global tensions. In the European Union, years of sluggish economic growth and austerity measures have fostered widespread discontent. This disillusionment has created a feedback loop of frustration, amplified by the echo chambers of digital media, ultimately breeding pessimism. 

In this environment, blame is cast upon convenient scapegoats — be it establishment figures, immigrants or minority groups — for perceived economic stagnation. Meanwhile, traditional mainstream parties struggle to counter the allure of simplistic yet empty rhetoric espoused by populist extremists on the far right. The erosion of trust in established institutions and the allure of nationalist sentiment underscore the urgent need for nuanced, evidence-based policymaking. 

The European Parliament election outcomes signal a concerning resurgence of fascism, nationalism and the specter of conflict across Europe. To counter this trend, national governments and EU bodies must redouble efforts to address citizens’ uncertainties and fears. Priorities include providing housing, employment opportunities and security measures. Failure to act decisively risks further erosion of European stability. 

Imran Khalid is a geostrategic analyst and freelance writer. He is a physician and has a master’s degree in international relations.